Ghost in Hamlet

The Role of the Ghost in Hamlet by William Shakespeare The role of the ghost in Hamlet is twofold: firstly it is to create   interest; secondly it is to further the narrative of the play. Shakespeare recognized that he needed to create interest in the   audience from the very first scene of the play. The play opens with a conversation between Officers of the Watch who   patrol the Battlements of Elsinore castle. Their talk is of a  ghost   who has appeared before twice previously: † What, has this thing appeared again tonight? † Immediately this arouses the audience's curiosity.What is the nature   of ‘this thing' that has appeared? Horatio, who has not seen the ghost, voices the scepticism that some   of the audience may have been feeling: † Tush, Tush, 'twill not appear†. Suspense is therefore created in the minds of the audience i. e. will   the ghost actually appear; does the ghost exist? The character of Horatio is contrasted with th at of Barnardo,   Francisco and Marcellus. Barnardo, Francisco and Marcellus are believers in the ghost, whereas   Horatio, who is highly educated, unlike Barnardo, Francisco and   Marcellus, questions the ghost existence.When the ghost finally appears in line 40, cutting short Barnardo's   line, it is a moment of high drama resulting from the tension that has   been created. The appearance of the ghost has a  huge impact  on both the characters   and the audience (who together with Horatio see the ghost for the   first time). Horatio, sceptic, expresses his fear and amazement in the   first line he speaks since seeing the ghost: â€Å"aâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. It harrows me with fear and wonder†. The audience would have been filled with similar emotions on seeing   the ghost, and would have realised that the appearance of the ghost   signifies that something is wrong.Elizabethans believed that only   people who died without the chance of confessing their sins w alked the   earth as troubled spirits. Horatio questions the ghost, which   disappears mysteriously without speaking. When the ghost fails to   speak, it adds to the tension of the scene and the apprehension of the   characters. The ghost makes a second appearance in Act 1 Scene 1 after Horatio has   talked about preparations for war with Norway. This sets up the idea   in the minds of the audience that the ghost may have something to do   with the on going war, but, again the ghost does not speak, and so the   audience is left with unanswered questions.This sense of mystery   sustains interest and builds suspense in the preparation for scene 2. At this point the nature of the ghost is ambiguous. Is it a good   ghost, it appears in the form of Old  Hamlet, or is it an â€Å"erring   spirit†? It disappeared when the cock crowed i. e. at first light. The audience   would have known that light represent goodness, and dark represents   evil. Horatio co mments: â€Å"And then it started like a guilty thing†. The audience would have been left wondering why the word ‘guilty' had   been applied to the ghost. Is the ghost to be trusted, or not?The   only thing person who can decide is Hamlet: â€Å"Let us impart what we have seen tonight unto young Hamletaâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. † In the next scene Horatio tells Hamlet after some prevarication, that   he has seen his fathers ghost. Hamlet is thoroughly depressed because   his mother Gertrude, has re-married very quickly. To make matters   worse, she has married Claudius, Old Hamlets brother, whom young   Hamlet mis-trusts. This is a man â€Å"With one auspicious and one dropping eye† Which an Elizabethan audience, would have recognized as the sign of a   hypocrite.Horatio describes the ghost to Hamlet, emphasising that the ghost   appears to look like Old Hamlet: â€Å"aâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. A figure like your father armed exactly, cap-a-pe† And is dressed in armour. Hamlet wants to know everything about the   ghost, where it appeared, whether it spoke etc, and through his short,   excited questions which he utters in quick succession, reinforces the   mystery and ambiguity of the ghost, thus building the audiences   anticipation of the second appearance of the spirit. The scene closes with Hamlet arranging to take the watch on the   battlements that night, in order to meet with the ghost.He asks the   others to keep quiet about the appearance of the ghost. The ghost appears to Hamlet in Act1, Scene 4. Immediately, the   ambiguous nature of the ghost is addressed. Hamlet himself says, â€Å"Be thou a spirit of health, or goblin damned† , Meaning is the ghost to be trusted, or is it some evil creature come   to destroy? The ghost refuses to speak in front of the others, but beckons Hamlet   away to speak with him alone. Marcellus and Horatio are suspicious of   the ghost intentions: Marcellus. â€Å"But do not go with it† Horatio. â€Å"No, by no means†.Eventually, almost fighting off his companions with a sword, Hamlet   follows the ghost and they are alone. In scene 5, the role of the ghost moves from creating interest and   suspense, to the function of moving on the narrative and plot line. Hamlet is not naturally a man of action, and, although suspicious of   his Uncle Claudius, would not have tried to find out more about the   circumstances surrounding his father's death. It is the appearance of   the ghost that forces Hamlet to take action, and therefore moves on   the action of the play. The ghost begins by telling that he is in purgatory. Doomed for a certain term to walk the night† Hamlet must have felt puzzled and, at the same time, full of wonder   and despair at the terrible situation his father is in. When his   father finally reveals that he was murdered, Hamlet is overwhelmed. To   make matters worse, the ghost then asks Hamlet to re venge his murder. Ghost. â€Å"If ever thou didst ever thy dear father loveaâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. † Hamlet. â€Å"O God! † Ghost. â€Å"Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder†. Like Hamlet, at this point, the audience would want to know more. The questions that have been posed in Scene 1 are finally about to be   answered.When the ghost reveals that he was murdered by Claudius,   Hamlet reacts with: â€Å"O my prophetic soul! My uncle? † Hamlet had suspected from the beginning that his uncle was the   complete opposite of Old Hamlet in appearance, personality and action. Now his worse fears have been confirmed. His mother has married a   murderer! Before the ghost leaves, Hamlet swears to revenge his   murder. To make matters worse, the ghost describes the horrific nature of his   death, by poison and the fact that he died without having confessed   his sins: â€Å"With all my imperfections on my head†.This is in sharp contrast with the gl ib statement made by Claudius to   Hamlet concerning the death of his father: â€Å"aâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. All that lives must die, passing through nature to eternity† Finally, at the end of the scene Hamlet rejoins the others and   confirms that the ghost is not evil but, â€Å"It is an honest ghostaâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. † He makes his friends swear to keep the existence of the ghost a   secret. The cries of the unseen ghost â€Å"SWEAR, SWEAR† whom Hamlet calls   â€Å"old mole†, reinforce Hamlet's insistence in secrecy. Interestingly,   only Hamlet can hear the ghost.Is Hamlet ‘really' going mad? The final appearance of the ghost follows the pivotal scene. Up to   this point there has been little action-taking place. Instead the play   consists of building up characters, making motives and giving the   audience information. After this the action increases dramatically in   pace. Hamlet has the opportunity to kill Claudius, but fails because   h e believes that Claudius is praying. If he had known that Claudius   cannot pray: â€Å"My words fly up my thoughts remain below, Words without thought never to heaven go†Presumably, Hamlet would have killed Claudius and the play would be   over. It is possible that Hamlet used the situation as an excuse for   the deed he was afraid to do. Therefore, when Hamlet confronts Gertrude he is full of frustration   and anguish at his inability to act. In this scene, Hamlet almost   loses his self-control and perhaps is truly â€Å"mad†. Having killed   Polonius, it is only the entrance of the ghost that prevents Hamlet   from harming his mother. This time, the ghost appears, not in armour, but â€Å"aâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. In his habit as he liv'd† In other words, dressed in every-day clothes.The ghost has changed;   no longer the warrior king seeking revenge for his murder, the ghost   is more insubstantial a quieter, gentler ghost perhaps because it is   ne arer to oblivion. This ties in with the ghost's speech back in Act 1   Scene 5 when he says: â€Å"I am thy fathers spirit, Doomed for a certain term to walk the night† This time only, Hamlet can see the ghost, which begs the question, is   the ghost really there, or is Hamlet quite mad? The role of the ghost in this scene is primarily to remind Hamlet of   his promise. â€Å"Do not forgetaâ‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦. â€Å"However, the ghost also serves as a reproof to Hamlet, exhorting him   to be gentle with Gertrude. † Oh step between her and her fighting soul: Conceit in weakest bodies strongest works† Having delivered its message, the ghost simply slips away. In this   scene, in contrast to earlier scenes in which the ghost appears, there   is no knocking from underneath the stage, the ghost merely â€Å"steals   away†. From this moment, the play gathers pace as Claudius attempt to have   Hamlet killed, Ophelia's commits suicide in her madness, and the final   scene of the play ends in a blood bath.From the very first dramatic appearance of the ghost the whole plot is   set in motion towards inexorable scene of murder and mayhem at the end   of the play. Hamet appears to regain his sanity; we as an audience wonder was he   ever mad and if so was his madness incurred by the ghost. In conclusion it could be stated the ambiguity of the ghost is never   resolved. This is questioned again because as a result of the ghost,   the majority of the characters die. Therefore despite Hamlets thoughts   of the ghost, in the end the audience wonder is the ghost and its   intentions really, true and good or actually bad and evil

College Essay Essay

One of the greatest challenges i believe that our generation will face is finishing high school, going to college and getting a job. One of the reasons that most teens wont finish high school is because alot of them are often peer pressured into doing things that will delay or prevent them from finishing such as getting pregnant, getting caught up in gangs and drugs. Another reason that teens may not finish high school is because they may not get required services that they need in order for them to do well or even understand the content of the work. Also teens may go to schools that are poorly funded by the state so they may not be able to get the supplies and books that they need for the classes. The school may also be a failing school and it may shut down before students get a chance to graduate and the students may not bother trying to look for another school. Teens can also be discouraged from finishing high school because of things that may be happening in school. Some people may have a hard time making friends which can make them lonely and not want to go to school or they may be a victim of bullying by others which may cause them to drop out. Going to college may be a challenge for our generation for several diffrent reasons. One reason that teens may not go to college is because of the household that they come from. The people in their household may not have went to college so it might give the teen the mindset that if they didn’t go then i shouldn’t have to go. Another reason may be the type of neighborhood they live in. They may live in a more urban neighborhood where people that live there or were raised there aren’t expected to go to college. It may make the teen skeptical to want to go because of what people may say about them if they do. A big reason is that the person may be indecisive as to what they want to do as a career. The major reason that most teens dont go to college is that even though they were accepted for financial aid they still may not be able to afford school. Getting a job may be challenging for our generation because majority of the teens applying for these jobs dont even have the bare minimum requirement which is a high school diploma because they never finished high school. Another reason is that after they finish college and get their degree they may not be able to get a job in their choice field of career. They may also only have an associates degree which may not be enough college education for that particular job. Another reason is the rate of unemployment. Many people are getting laid off because the company they work for doesn’t have enough money to pay them. If the companies dont have enough money to pay their best and most experienced workers how can they subsidize a teen. The major reason that they cant get a job is because most teenagers are lazy and dont want to get up and look for a job. They expect everything to be handed to them or they opt to take the easy way out and sell drugs or their bodies.

Accounting Business And Corporate Banking

Internal and External Audits of Westpac The financial declaration of Westpac Group is prepared and presented as per the conditions stipulated under Australian Accounting Standards (AAS) Interpretations as declared by AASB Corporation Act 2001 as well as banking at 1959 modified. In addition to this, the financial statement also complies with IFRS and ISB. As per the declaration of the auditor independence stipulated 307c of the Corporation Act, there exists no contravention of the requirement of independence of the auditors under Corporation Act 2001 in association to audit. Furthermore, there also exists no contravention of any professional conduct code in association to audit. Corporate Governance of Westpac encompasses the major principles for serving the rights of the shareholders. Board is committed to highest standards in aligning with Corporate Governance in recognizing fundamental for all the activities. This involves regular analysis of improved government practices for monitoring the global developments as per best practices in Corporate Governance[2]. Corporate Governance Statement of Westpac sets out the given principles covering the main aspect such as: The management of Westpac confirms with ASX Corporate Governance Principles as well as Recommendations namely third edition declared by Corporate Governance Council of ASX Limited. This tactics refers to the commitment of the company towards achievement of excellence in governance stipulations. Business Strategy of Westpac involving in conducting customer-focused those will deliver superior customer experience as well as broadening of customer relationships. In other words, driving operational efficiency for Westpac in balancing risk and reward As per the Director report presented in the annual declaration of the company, Westpac intends to attract and retain talented workforce. This means the company also adopts innovative recruitment strategies, superior working conditions for meeting up altering expectations of the employees and developing right people for right job. The company has retained â€Å"Employer of choice for Gender equality provided by workplace Gender equality agencies†. The company also abides by legislative liabilities â€Å"Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act 1998†, Accident Compensation Act (1985), Workers Rehabilitation and Compensation Act 1986. Employee working at Westpac is provided with efficient formal as well as training session at the time of induction programs[4]. Commitment to employees at Westpac involves staff member receiving adequate training as well as development selected on merit basis. 2. It reveals conducting appropriate research for determining the Australian Accounting Standards in case for reporting as well as non-reporting entities. By summarizing, it can be noticed that Board list entity after approving from entity financial statements for given financial period. From the financial records, information are taken out regarding the reporting standard and non-reporting entities in compiling with appropriate accounting standards for rendering true and fair view of financial position[5]. The general purpose of financial report for preparing financial statement in accordance with Australian Accountant Standards from the Corporations Act 2001 Shim J, Siegel J and Shim J,  Financial Accounting  (McGraw-Hill 2012) 'Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016 'Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016. Jae K Shim, Joel G Siegel and Jae K Shim,  Financial Accounting  (McGraw-Hill 2012). Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016. Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016. Westpac - Personal, Business And Corporate Banking' (Westpac.com.au, 2016) accessed 10 November 2016.

Cinematic Piracy in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cinematic Piracy in China - Essay Example Reports indicate that there is minimal understanding and respect for intellectual property. This paper will discuss why cinematic piracy has become son rampant in China and present the alarming statistics at which this vice is talking place. Cinematic piracy involves the reproduction of any cinematic intellectual property without paying any returns to the producers. The vice involves both the act of production and buying counterfeit copies (Larkin, 2004). The pirated video compact discs (VCDs) and DVDs enter the distribution channels in China retailing at very low prices. It is surprising that, Hollywood movies appear in counterfeited forms in China streets, before their official launch into theatres. In other cases, the circulation of pirated movies in China begins a few days after the premier entry into theatres. Some cinematic pirates often make use of hand-held videos in theatres during a movie premier to capture the entire movie. These offenders then proceed to make copies in As ia, and in a few days, they gain entry into the market. Other copyright offenders rely on quality screeners in order to produce copies of Hollywood movies. Sometimes the copies come out in a quality that is easily confused with the original. With the increasing use of internet in the globe, it becomes easy to share cinematic intellectual property files in digital form (Pang, 2006). Background statistics of Cinematic Piracy Cinematic piracy is very rampant in china and prevailed for a long time. Traditional piracy involved making copies of movies and retailing them at much cheaper prices in the Chinese market. The Chinese government failed to intervene into the matter that was causing Chinese movie industries immense losses. By 2000, pirated material consisted of 94 % of movies retailing in China. With the emergence of new form of digital piracy, China has registered higher rates of cinematic piracy with an increasing population connected to the internet and sharing files. In 2003, Chinas’ sale of licensed movies accounted to only 17.7 % while the industry was making profits in billions. This gap between the total sales of movies and the total sales of licensed movies and films represents a large percentage of the existing pirated cinematic work. Further statistics indicate that the production capacity is much higher than the sales made presents the gross rate at which China indulges in piracy of intellectual property. In 2005, the profits from copyright piracy were in USD 200 billion USD. It is worth noting that in 2008, the piracy rate registered a 10% drop. However, despite the drop, China remains at the top of the vice of piracy globally (Liang, 2011). According to Pang (2004), the prevalence of piracy in China in alarming rates has negative implications on the Chinese copyright laws. It is worth noting that China restricts the entry of film work from foreign publishers. As a result, the Chinese law did not protect any intellectual property that gained entry into China without its knowledge. That clause in the Chinese copyright law contributed to the high rates of pirated cinematic works in China for a very long time. However, the world trade organization (WTO) pushed China to amend its copyright laws. WTO made claims that the mentioned clause allowed China to engage in copyright offenses without any action. Pirated material was circulating freely in China but the copyr ight owners could do nothing about it

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) Essay

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) - Essay Example Student achievement in the most fundamental academic skills continued to decline, especially in low-income school districts. Therefore, the ESEA was designed to serve as a funding source for elementary and secondary education in the United States was designed to provide funding for better educational resources, allocate funding for public schools with a need for additional financial support and provide government-sponsored grants that would enhance the quality of state departments of education. Over the decades since the inception of ESEA, it was determined that revision of the ESEA was required to meet the needs of contemporary students in America. This need led to the implementation of the Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994 in the Clinton administration and the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001 which both enhanced the Elementary and Secondary Education Act to make educational reform more relevant for modern academic needs. However, there is still a need for further educational reform that surpasses the relevancy of the NCLB as there are measurable deficiencies related to this Act. This essay explores the issues associated with NCLB which mandate further revisions to this Act in order to fully address the problems in today’s public school districts. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, whilst a valuable piece of legislation to ensure higher quality of education, fails to address certain issues in today’s society. This revision to the ESEA does not properly address the goal of promoting bilingualism. In many of today’s public schools, there is a measurable shortage of educators with the proficiency and training to provide bilingual learning for children in elementary and secondary schools. It is estimated that there are nearly 5.1 million students in need of English-as-a-second-language instruction throughout the United States (Cuellar, De la Colina and Battle, 2007). With growth in migrant children now enrolled in public schools

Nonprofit organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nonprofit organizations - Essay Example A non-profit organization or entity should be structured or formal in some way in that they can easily be differentiated from mere extemporized groups or informal family groups (Salamon, 1992). In essence, this provision means the organization in question should have some governing rules and or procedures, an instrument of organization, as well as regularly chosen officers that carry out organized procedures or activities. In addition, these institutions have a legal identification and enter into contracts legally without obligating the personal financial accountability of its personnel. This provides that non-profit organizations be separate institutionally from the government, i.e., neither its board is dominated by members of the government nor is it by any means part of the government. In the US, Salamon (1992) asserts that non-profit organizations make part of the private sector and are administrated by private boards of directors. Despite them being structurally and organizationally separate from the government, Salamon (1996) argues that non-profit organizations are often under great governmental influence. An example is where organizations are bound by state regulations regarding sexual harassment, environmental protection, equal opportunity, handicapped accessibility, and protection of human subjects. This has led to some pundits positing that the involvement of the government is a mere intrusion and undermining of the typical nonprofit sector (Rathgeb and Lipsky, 1993). A non-profit organization operates with no intention of making profit for the owners. All profits generated are invested back into the organization’s mission thus forming a distinct difference between it and private business. In essence, Murray (2004) points out that non-profit distributing organizations means that non-profit organizations do not, and are not allowed to generate profits from reduced expenditures and increased receipts. This means that these organizations are

CASE STUDY Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Case Study Example When the respondents were given beer without the labels, they were unable to discern their favorite label from the 6 provided. This shows that most consumers do not have a preference for a particular taste of beer. Rather, their preference was biased towards the label rather than the taste. This shows that people make beer buying decisions based on labels rather than taste. Native Advertising is becoming increasingly popular in todays world. In this form of advertising, the advertiser depends on the internet where the ad is placed in the context considering in mind the users experience. An example of this is Pinterest where the advertiser places the ad as a pin rather than the traditional advertisement. Ads as pins are content placed in the context of the users experience. Such form of advertising are more likely to get the attention of the users because most users zone out the traditional forms of advertising but are unable to differentiate advertising from the usual pins. This then increases the impact of the advertising. This form of advertising also generates word of mouth through sharing of the advertisements. Pins are more likely to be shared by users as compared to normal

Equality in Access to Health Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Equality in Access to Health Services - Essay Example Therefore having much available health services is not a factor in itself to improve the quality of healthcare but the utilization of such services by all of the people. It will depend on affordability and general accessibility of the service. According to Healthy People 2020 (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2012), it is important to have access to quality health care service in order to achieve equity in health and eventually improve the general health status of all Americans. This I think is one of the most important move that the state should make in order to achieve the vision of having healthy Americans, including all migrants, ethnic and minority groups, by the year 2020. Though free service is not always the key to have access to quality healthcare the state can definitely find ways such as moving funds to have an affordable medical insurance to cover all Americans so that everyone in America can avail of healthcare services as the need arises to have better chance s of improving health by making it available and accessible to ever individual at once. Poor access to healthcare also means poor health chance for the population, taking for example Texas, which according to a survey has the most number of uninsured in the United States and has a significant shortage of health care professionals making access to healthcare services difficult for them thus having poor overall health conditions (Code Red Texas, 2012). Total equality of access to healthcare may incur a long way of processes but the government should start eventually to come up big in realizing the vision of healthy people 2020. Government funding should focus first on having affordable health insurances that even the poorest of Americans will be able to avail. This may seem impossible for it may have an impression of wasting money and giving away insurance even a person cannot avail but with proper planning this step will actually decrease total national health expenditures for no one will actually be left behind in terms of being healthy and accessing healthcare. #1 References: Code Red Texas (2012) Code Red; the critical condition of health in Texas 2012. Retrieved from http://www.coderedtexas.org/files/Code-Red-2012.pdf Gulliford M., Figueroa-Munoz J., Morgan M., Hughes D., Gibson B., Beech R. & Hudson M. (2002) What does ‘access to healthcare’ mean? Journal of Health Services & Research Policy, 1 July 2002 vol. 7 no. 3 186-188, Doi: 10.1258/135581902760082517 US Department of Health and Human Services (2012) Healthy People 2020 retrieved from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx #2 The Determinants of Health: factors that affect population health The differences of health status in population is greatly affected by many factors such as personal, social and environmental factors that are deemed to be determinants of health for these factors that influences the health conditions of individuals or group of people in a given population (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). Of all the determinants of health, social factors play the most important role in influencing the health status of a population. In a personal point of view, comparing social against environmental factors, even though people in a population lives in a community that pose potential health dangers, the

Application 6.2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application 6.2 - Assignment Example the university level, there was a consideration of a proposal to make alterations to the job designs of staff of the MSOD program (Cummings, Thomas, and Worley 116). The composition of the staff at MSOD program comprises of a faculty director, an administrative assistant and a program administrator. The main pint of focus of this application is on the roles and responsibilities of the Program Administrator of the MSOD program. The holder of the particular office is charged with the responsibility of recruitment of n students while conducting marketing for the said educational institution, the management of logistics delivery pertaining the off-site program, foreseeing the student registration process, managing the financial payment procedures of students and finally keeping close links with the MSOD alumni. Under the marketing docket, the Program administrator is supposed to work in collaboration with the Marketing Director and the Program Director to come up with clear cut initiatives for marketing such as advertisements, conference support an marketing and the designing an issuance of brochures during various exposures (Cummings, Thomas, and Worley 116). Moreover, the office is also charged with the overseeing of the recruitment process through explaining to the eligible cand idates on the modes of applications and the expectations. The functions of the Program administrator of the MSOD program was influenced by the increment of the tuition fees, the corporate policy on tuition reimbursement was restricted and the economy also played a difficult note for the program and its prospectus to suit (Cummings, Thomas, and Worley 116). The main reason as to why the institution had overtasked the Program Administrator was that it was trying to enrich the position through allocation of vital roles without the measurement of the magnitude and possible completion of the tasks allocated. The institution had tried creating of different but elated programs to increase its

Gubernatorial Campainge Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gubernatorial Campainge - Research Paper Example She is also a responsible editor for J.R.R. Tolkien list of George Allen and Unwin Publishers apart from effectively commissioning both John Howe and Allan Lee to illustrate Tolkien’s work. Her hard work and dedication are evidenced by her role as a publishing director for House working across the Voyager fantasy science fiction list and crime. Jane as a dedicated leader is firmly advocating for the goodwill of Texas. Her ambitions are highly regarded as she looks forward to fully support both cultural and regional values of the citizens to see them prosper. Being a republican she advocates continuing disfranchising most blacks, poor whites and Latinos, especially the burden of the poll tax and white primaries as confederated by other states. This will lead to higher living standards, especially among the Hispanics and Latino population. Jane being a republican will be able to get most of her supporters in Texas away from the east, west coast, south and Midwest. Most of this population is from the suburban communities and rural areas. This includes 60% of married men and 55% of married women. It includes a lesser population practicing gay and lesbianism. On the contrary to this, the democrats live closer to the coast, including 40 % of married men and 45% of married women. Most of its population practice gay and lesbianism, hence they are less religious and younger in age (Texascentre, 2014). In terms of location, the Republican supporters that Jane is counting on are mostly found in the south and the Midwest Texas consisting of a larger population in rural and suburban areas while the democrats are found east and west coasts and in the urban centers. In terms of marriage status, 24% of women will support Jane while 37% will be against her. She, therefore, has a lesser number of votes from women in the population (Quickfacts 2014). In terms of income, a larger population those with higher

Othello Essay Example for Free

Othello Essay Shakespeares Othello is the study of how a seemingly successful Venetian general, is skilfully manipulated by the cunning Iago, who by exploiting Othello’s insecurities transforms his identity into a jealous murderer. At the beginning of the play, Othello’s identity is that of an assiduous black general who fought exceptionally hard to gain respect in a white dominated society. In marrying Desdemona, Othello adds to his identity by being a lover and husband and his identity is portrayed to be interconnected to his love for Desdemona. Iago is jealous of Othello’s high standing and greatly respected identity and therefore undermines Othello’s confidence in his wives faithfulness and turns his identity into an irrational jealously. Shakespeare utilises a number of key techniques in ‘Othello,’ to indicate the extent of Othello’s identity changes. These changes are effectively conveyed to the audience through the contrast of Othello’s outward appearance with his affable interior. They are further exemplified through the themes of love and jealously and via alterations in Othello’s language, as Othello’s confidence in Desdemona is slowly undermined. In the first Act of the play, Othello’s identity is shaped by a variety of negative images which promote the stereotype of the black African slave in a white dominated society. Although these images are not a true reflection of Othello’s identity, Shakespeare has very effectively done this in order to accentuate how Othello’s identity slowly changes throughout the play to reflect the initial images presented to the audience. In Act One, Othello is not once referred to by his actual name. Rather, he is referred to as â€Å"he,† â€Å"him,† and the derogatory terms â€Å"thick-lips† and a â€Å"Barbary horse. † Shakespeare makes use of this technique to establish Othello’s displeasing physical identity. Brabantio also describes Othello as a â€Å"sooty bosom,† whom his daughter Desdemona would never have agreed to marry without the use of witch craft and magic charms, â€Å"If she in chains of magic were not bound, whether a maid so tender, fair and happy, so opposite to marriage that she shunn’d. Contrastingly, Othello’s elevated status in Venetian society, reflected in his high naval position, demonstrates an identity that is greatly respected, so much so that not even the accusations of Brabantio affect his status. This is clearly demonstrated when the duke says, â€Å"Your son in law is far more fair than black,† thus signifying that Othello’s black skin hides an amiable interior. However, as Ot hello’s confidence in Desdemona is undermined, Othello is driven to the verge of insanity and his identity begins to reflect the negative images initially presented in the first act. This is achieved through the use of imagery, in which Othello is likened to the devil, â€Å"And what delight shall she have to look on the devil. † By the end of the play, Othello’s ‘blackness’ starts to show and his identity changes from a â€Å"War like moor,† to a man characterised by wrath and irrationality. In ‘Othello,’ love acts as a binding force between Othello and his wife Desdemona, and the initial impression portrayed by Shakespeare to the audience is of Othello as a romantic who has complete faith in his wife. Othello’s identity is shaped by his infatuation of Desdemona, â€Å"My soul hath her content so absolute that not another comfort like to this succeeds in unknown fate. † The link between Othello’s identity and his love for Desdemona is further accentuated in, â€Å"But I do love thee; and when I love thee not, Chaos is come again. † However as Iago’s manipulative plan takes shape, Othello grows insecure about his relationship and he begins to question why he married, â€Å"Why did I marry? Othello changes from a confident, in control, self-assured man into a doubtful man weakened by his love for Desdemona. His wives supposed infidelity leaves Othello a tormented broken man who is unable to go on living. Jealously is the most corrupting and destructive of emotions, which when instilled in Othello, drives him to insanity and causes substantial changes to his identity throughout the play. Initially, Othello claims not to be a jealous man, â€Å"Do you think Id make a life of jealousy, to follow still the changes of the moon with fresh suspicions? He possesses a â€Å"free and open nature,† and this exceptional vulnerability allows Iago to manipulate Othello’s trusting character and twist his love for Desdemona, into a powerful and destructive jealousy, â€Å"O beware, my lord, of jealously: It is the green eyed monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on. † As soon as Iago launches his deceptive plan and jealously is roused within Othello, it becomes so self-intensifying that he is taken over by an uncontrollable irrationality and his ability to make coherent decisions is over-ridded. Othello’s identity is transformed from a self-assured man into an envious persona and this is cemented in, â€Å"Trifles light as air, are to the jealous confirmations, strong as proofs of holy writ. There is a significant change in identity, â€Å"The Moor already changes with my poison,† from a smart, sensible person, to one characterised by jealously. A distinct transformation in Othello’s language is used to demonstrate how Othello’s identity changes substantially throughout the course of the play. The identity of Othello is closely aligned to his marriage with Desdemona and he feels that his status in society has been elevated because he is a black man married to a high class Venetian women. As Othello’s marriage is demoralised, Othello’s identity undergoes change and these changes are strongly emphasized through Othello’s choice of language. Initially, Othello is an idealist and romantic who generally speaks in verse throughout the play, â€Å"It gives me wonder great as my content to see you here before me. † His language is quixotic and heightened conveying an affectionate persona; one profoundly linked with his flourishing marriage. However, once Othello is made aware of Desdemona’s ‘infidelity,’ their relationship is put under immense strain and Othello grows increasingly stressed, confused and angry. This is reflected in a change in language, which moves from polite and eloquent at the beginning of the play, to aggressive and exceedingly visual, â€Å"I’ll tear her to pieces. † This alteration in language portrays a character change, from a gentleman, to a violent and belligerent person. By the end of the play Othello’s identity transformation is so substantial, he is unrecognisable, â€Å"My lord is not my lord. Othello is no longer the man he used to be. Shakespeare successfully conveys changes to Othello’s identity throughout the course of the play through the contrast of his outwards appearance with his amiable inner identity. His identity changes are further enhanced by the accentuation of the bond between himself and his wife and the devastating effects the weakening of this bond has on him. The destructive force of jealously and Othello’s naive view on marriage are additionally used to show how Othello moves from a confident, strong and highly regarded naval officer to someone completely broken by his love of another.

Comparison between Life of Pi and Brave New World Essay Example for Free

Comparison between Life of Pi and Brave New World Essay The heroes, Piscine Molitor Patel in â€Å"Life of Pi† by Yann Martel, and John in â€Å"Brave New World† by Aldous Huxley view their fears as an obstacle that they must overcome. Both heroes were faced with immediate challenges in their life. Through challenging their fears, personal or community morale benefits from their perceived success. In such a way, the hero’s success manipulates the situation as the feared become afraid. Each hero battled their fear differently and thus discovered a hidden truth behind the challenge they were faced with. John was born into his fear. He had no say or no choice. He had to find the positive out of every situation throughout his life. â€Å"Never put off till tomorrow the fun you can have today. † John did what he could to service happily with himself. Adversity was a struggle for him. His hidden truth was his ability to feel and show affection, of which no one was able to understand. This proved to be difficult for John being somewhat isolated. On the other hand, Pi was a quick and decisive learner. His fear was conquered through his self-determination. Fishing and taming Mr. Parker (the tiger) revealed much of his hidden truth. Pi revealed, â€Å"The presence of God is the finest of rewards. † To him, it was as if his fear now became the feared. Pi was rewarded with self-empowerment. With the conquering of the hero’s fears, different aspects of their lives were affected with their efforts. Individually, Pi was rewarded. Pi quoted, â€Å"Can there be any happiness greater than the happiness of salvation? † This can be related to the Warden from â€Å"Shawshank Redemption† saying, â€Å"Salvation lies within†. For Pi this meant he had the power in saving himself from any terrible circumstances. Being considered an anti-hero, John did not necessarily individually benefit from his fight against his fear from the world state itself, but he may have influenced others who might possibly follow his path. As for John, he believed suicide was an option under his situation, â€Å"Ending is better than mending. † He finally decided there wasn’t a way in changing the â€Å"New World† in which he committed suicide. In an effort to impact his fear, he was able to potentially influence others, like a domino effect. As this was easily the most feared situation the world state could be faced with. With the hero’s efforts, personal and community morale benefited. No matter the aspiration, change for the better will occur. As my mother has always told me, â€Å"Everything happens for a reason. † In both situations, Pi and John found a way through their fears, and influenced themselves and others as the feared are now the afraid.

Hand Glove Controller Rehabilitation Aids Technology

Hand Glove Controller Rehabilitation Aids Technology DEVELOPMENT OF A HAND GLOVE CONTROLLER REHABILITATION AIDS Muhammad Hafizudin Bin Abdul Manas Abstract A hand-glove with a sensor is developed for rehabilitation aids. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the hand glove with a sensor that can be used as an input signal for rehabilitation purpose. This project, the wheelchair is used as a mechanism. The project will be control by the flex sensor. This sensor will be guide the wheelchair to move forward, reverse, right and left direction by using the algorithm hand gesture. The Arduino UNO (ATmega328) is used as an interface with the flex sensor and wheelchair. This Arduino will convert resistance input from sensors with analog read to digital read by using ATmega328. Then it will response with the pulse with modulation (PWM) by using driver motor to accelerate the DC motor. The output will give the instruction for wheelchair motion such as forward, reverse, left and right. Keywords – Hand Glove, Flex Sensor, Wheelchair, Microcontroller Arduino UNO, Hand Gesture INTRODUCTION In real life, there are many people who are having disability physically that cannot communicate, listen, walking and more. For the disable people, rehabilitative aids it important to maintain their daily activities same as normal people. In many years, Stroke affects almost one million people and 80 % survivors are left with weakened limbs and hands. There are many designs and method was developed to regain their hand movement and strength. A rehabilitation technique system has been designed to help the patient or disable people [4]. One of the most common human physically activities are walking. Walking is an important role in human daily. Patient or disable people have this problem need the rehabilitation aids. For example, wheelchair is one of the mechanisms to help the disable people to continue their daily activities. Current wheelchair that everyone uses nowadays it manually controls it with their barehanded or need assistance to move the wheelchair. Many evolution has been tr ansform to control the wheelchair such as powered wheelchair, wheelchair control by using voice commands, wheelchair control by joystick and wheelchair control by pressing button. Wheelchair control by voice command is one of the methods to help disable people. This mechanism is design based on vocal command. There are have several condition to move the wheelchair such forward, backward, right, left, stop, light on and light off. Vocal command has limited and must use the same voice to control the motion of wheelchair. Efficiency to control in silent environment is higher than noise environment [1]. Pressing button also can be control the wheelchair, it been setup in programming to move wheelchair in particular place. For example, when disable people press the button 1 it move to the kitchen or press button 2 moves to living room. The wheelchair it helps with a sensor to detect the obstacle in its path. It follows the line algorithm path based on black and white surface on the floor [2]. For this papers and this idea, this project consist: Development of Control Algorithm High Level programming language Development of Control Algorithm The algorithm referred to any computation performed under a set of rules that applied to numbers in a decimal form. An algorithm can be represented of a solution to a problem. The control algorithm is the most important characteristic and the one to consider first. The control algorithm interpreted the true nature of output as a function of the input. For example, algorithm is hand gesture to produce the output. The hand gestures used for controlling robot’s motion, in video games [3] High Level programming language In order to develop a control algorithm, high level programming language is used. High level languages are designed to understand than assembly languages and allow a program to run. The translation of high level languages into object code needs a source code. For example, wheelchair using MEMS sensor has been using c language programming into PIC microcontroller to control the wheelchair motion [4]. LITERATURE REVIEW Hand Glove Control In modern biomedical technologies, a robotic system has been used in physical assistance and rehabilitation such as soft robotic glove. Glove is a portable device that patient can be wear for exercise individual fingers to minimize the stresses on their hand during therapy. The application used new technologies in now days such as The PowerFoot One and Luke Arm. For The PowerFoot One is an advanced complete ankle and foot prosthesis. The user legs move like a normal person walking when their use this product because this product mimic human foot. For Luke Arm device designed to provide a person with a partially articulated robotic arm that uses foot pads to control and move it [4]. Moreover, hand- glove also implemented into control the machine toys such as helicopter and remote car. It uses the same technique that the person wears the glove as the control and use the variables motion to move the machine. The function is similar same as joystick [7]. The same concept applied to this project where the hand glove is used. The hand glove will act as a controller in moving the wheelchair according the movement of fingers. Flex Sensor Nowadays, high technologies used robot to move something and doing a task to replace the human being. Sensor plays important role in robotic. A sensor is device that can measure the motion in high degree. Flex sensors are analog resistors. These resistors work as variable analog voltage divider. Inside the flex sensor are carbon resistive elements with thin flexible substrate. Figure 1 shows degree of bending for flex sensor. Smaller the radius, higher will be the resistance value [8]. From this research, design powered wheelchair which control by using hand movement. Used two fingers of hand gloves are needed to control the wheelchair. Two photodiodes at upper side and two sensors locate opposite side for these two fingers. Microcontroller is programming for different code combinations, it also know as converters from input signal to output, it decoded the signal into appropriate movement of wheelchair with accelerate DC motor. [3] Figure 1: Flex Sensor offers variable resistance readings Retrieved from Flex Sensor Based Robotic Arm Controller Using Micro Controller [8] ALOGRITHM HAND GESTURES In our daily activities, many people frequently used hand gesture to communication such as thumb up for good and two fingers like ‘V’ shape for peace. Many researchers [4] [8] used hand gesture to identifying and recognize some form of action without saying it to express the action have their do. Joyeeta Singha project for sign language hand gesture step by step. The system consist five step such as skin filtering, palm cropping, edge detection, feature extraction and classification. Recognize obtain almost 90% for different symbols. [4]. Y Tabata is developing hand gesture for spelling in Japanese language. Creating the hand gesture to obtain the alphabet and numbering to get spelling. [8] The same concept hand gesture applied for algorithm to control the wheelchair movement and motion. Figure 2: Example of hand gesture that cropping [4] METHODOLOGY Project Overview Figure 3: Block Diagram of Hand Glove System Figure 3 shows a block diagram of hand glove system including Flex sensor 2.2 â€Å", Amplifier, Atmega 328 (Arduino UNO) microcontroller, Dual channel 10A motor driver and DC Motor. The input is flex sensor and the output is DC Motor Microcontroller is a main core for the whole that will generate Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal to control the dual channel motor driver. Dual channel motor driver produce the output signal to motor from the PWM to accelerate the DC motor slow or fast. The resistance input from sensors will converter from analog read to digital read in binary number by using Arduino. Flex Sensor with amplifier Figure 4 shows the flex sensor connection circuit for resistance to voltage converter. The range resistance of input for this flex sensor is 0 to 10K Ohms. Figure 4: Resistance to Voltage converter connection A negative reference voltage will give a positive output. The output value is produced when the sensor in condition of low degree of bending. The Op-amp is used to produce the signal from the input to the output as a voltage in a wide range. For this project is used is LM324 as amplifier. LM324 consists of four independent, high gains, internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers. Figure 5 shows the performance characteristic of LM324, from this figure 5, the higher supply voltage versus the input voltage. Figure 5: Input Voltage Range vs Supply Voltage Atmega328 Microcontroller Figure 6: ATmega 328 microcontroller Figure 6 shows the ATmega 328 microcontroller’s pin which triggers the signal to motor driver. The generated pulse width modulation (PWM) signal is sent to motor driver from specific pin port. This microcontroller also convert the resistance input from the sensors with analog read to digital read in binary number. EXPERIMENT SETUP Figure 7: Blok diagram hand glove control system The hand glove controller has been developing in order to assist disable people to accelerate the wheelchair. Figure 7 shows the 5 main part combine together to perform hand glove control the wheelchair movement and the Arduino board becomes important electronic device. Figure 8 : Hand Glove with Flex Sensor Figure 8 shows the assembly hand glove with flex sensor. It is portable and easy to handle. One hand is used and there have four flex sensors that attached on the hand glove. Each sensor is fitted with the length of each finger except thumb. For each finger has their own function to control the movement of wheelchair and voltage required is +5v. It will convert resistance input from sensors with analog read to digital. Each finger for each sensor also has own function to accelerate the wheelchair. Table 1 shows the function and motion for each sensor. Table 1: Function of each sensor No Sensor Motion of wheelcahir 1 A Forward 2 B Backward 3 C Right 4 D Left RESULT AND DISCUSSION Based on the experiment setup, a new algorithm is developed for the movement of hand glove system to control the wheelchair. The new development of hand glove controller consisted of Arduino, PWM and wheelchair system. In this project, the c language has been used as a medium of language and it already programmed into Arduino Uno. The source code is written based on the performing work decision and control algorithm based on hand gesture. Figure 9 shows flowchart for algorithm to accelerate the movement of wheelchair. Figure 9: Flow Chart for Algorithm Hand Gesture After the source code has been programmed in to Atmega328 microcontroller (Arduino UNO board), the hand glove controller system is test by two different method. The first test of the programming is without DC motor. Second test, the programming will test with DC motor are conducted in order to see either the development of control algorithm is functioning or not.     Ã‚   Figure 10: the assembly hand glove system with wheelchair Figure 10 shows the real situation where people seat on the wheelchair with hand controller system. In these experiment two normal male subjects, age 25 with weight range 50-70 kg. For second test, the performance was good and the mechanism in good functional. The DC motor was performed based on the signal provided by dual channel motor drive with algorithm. Table 2 shows that hand gesture and direction of wheelchair movement. Table 2: Hand Gesture and direction of movement Hand Gesture LCD Display Direction Wheelchair Stop Wheelchair forward slow or fast followed by degree bends of fingers. Wheelchair reverse slow or fast followed by degree bends of fingers. Wheelchair right slow or fast followed by degree bends of fingers. Wheelchair left slow or fast followed by degree bends of fingers. Table 2 shows the hand gesture algorithm and direction of wheelchair when it applied. From this test, the control system implementation using this hand glove system development is quite successful with the wheelchair system. Therefore, it also gives the disable people use wheelchair without assistance in their daily activities. DC motor has been controlled by motor controller with interface Arduino that was programmed by C language. Table 3: Reading of flex sensor and condition of wheelchair Sensor Condition of Wheelchair Movement Reading of flex sensor (Hz) A, B, C and D Stop A,B,C,D A,B,C,D > 150 A Forward 50150 B Backward 50150 C Turn Right 50150 D Turn Left 50150 Table 2 shows the reading of flex sensor and condition of wheelchair when the algorithm is applied. The wheelchair stops when the PWM value for each sensor below 50Hz or more than 150Hz, DC motor stop. For forward slow and fast, sensor A value 50Hz150Hz then motor are accelerate. For sensor B, C and D, PWM value has same as sensor A to produce the different direction. CONCLUSION In this project, the development of hand glove controller for rehabilations aids is propose to assist the disable people that have problem such as walking. It will help them to control the wheelchair more easily. The implementation of control algorithm and device into the system hand glove become succesfull.This application, it will be easier the disable people or patient to control wheeelchair by their self. In addition , the development of algorithm for hand gesture gave some easily to control the system and it comfortable. There, the objectives of this project can be said as successfully, which is algoritm can give instruction the motion of wheelchair. REFERENCES R.Puviarasi, MrithaRamalingam, Elanchezhian Chinnavan (2013), Low Cost Self-assistive Voice Controlled Technology for Disabled People Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Saveetha University, India S.Shaheen#1, A.Umamakeswari(2013), INTELLIGENT WHEELCHAIR FORPEOPLE WITHDISABILITie University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India Solanki Krunal M (2013), Indian Sign Languages using Flex Sensor Glove, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Govt. Engineering College, Gandhinagar, India Michael A Delph II, Sarah A Fischer, Phillip W Gauthier ,Carlos H. Martinez Luna, Edward A. Clancy, Gregory S. Fischer,(2013) A Soft Robotic Exomusculature Glove with Integrated sEMG Sensing for Hand Rehabilitation, AIM Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA,. Dr.Shaik Meeravali, Aparna,(2013), Design and Development of a Hanglove Controlled Wheel Chair Based on MEMS, Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, RRS College of Engineering and Technology, Muthangi, Faculty of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jawaharlal Technological University, Hyderabad, India. Joyeeta Singha, Karen Das (2012), Hand Gesture Recognition Based on Karhunen-Loeve Transform, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering 1,2Assam Don Bosco University, Guwahati, Assam, India Jeremyblum (2010), Hardware Control Using Hand Gesture from http://www.jeremyblum.com/2010/05/09/sudoglove/ retrieved 20/11/2014 Abidhusain Syed1, Zamrrud Taj H. Agasbal, Thimmannagouday Melligeri 1, Bheemesh Gudur1 (2011), Flex Sensor Based Robotic Arm Controller Using Micro Controller,Department of Electronics and Communication, BLDEA College of Engg Bijapur-3, India; 2Department of Electronics and Com- munication, KBN College of Engg Gulbarga-4, India. SensorWiki.org (2013),Flexion retrieved from http://www.sensorwiki.org/doku.php/sensors/flexion Y Tabata, T Kuroda, K Okamoto (2012), Development of a glove-type input device with the minimum number of sensors for Japanese finger spelling,Department of Radiation Technology, Kyoto College of Medical Science, 1-3 Imakita, Oyama-higashi, Sonobe, Nantan, JAPAN. GlobalSpec, (2013), Safety Gloves Information retrieved from http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/manufacturing_process_equipment/personal_protective_equipment/gloves_clothing

Death and Suicide - The Death of a Friend Essay -- Personal Narrative

The Death of a Friend I hid my face as I sat desperately alone in the back of the crowded church and stared through blurry eyes at the stained glass windows. Tears of fear and anguish soaked my red cheeks. Attempting to listen to the hollow words spoken with heartfelt emotion, I glanced at his picture, and my eyes became fixed on his beloved dog. Sudden flashes of sacred memories overcame me. Memories of soccer, his unforgettable smile, and our frequent exchange of playful insults, set my mind spinning. I longed only to hear his delighted voice once more. I sat for what seemed like hours in that lonely yet overcrowded church; my tears still flowed, and I still remembered. October 2, 2001 started like a normal Tuesday morning at Hotchkiss High School. As I lazily wandered past Mr. Schelle into his advisory class, I noticed that he seemed quite upset about something. I dared not ask what had happened, for it was really none of my business. Soon after the bell rang, Mr. Schelle, whose eyes were welling up with tears, struggled to compose himself enough to say, "Guys, I've got some bad news for you." I sensed a bit of hesitation as he proceeded to read a letter as clearly as possible. The letter explained that Derek Grillos, a sophomore at our school and a good friend of mine, had died the night before. At first, my mind failed to register his name. I sat wondering who Derek Grillos was. As everyone questioned Mr. Schelle to find out who Derek was, I sat quiet. Finally, the fact that Derek, my "soccer buddy", had died hit me and hit me hard. I could feel my eyes darting back and forth in confusion and my heart pounding so hard I could feel it in my toes. I stared aimlessly at everything yet nothing. I su... ...te anxiety. Only good memories came from there, memories of me and Derek. I opened my eyes, and my thoughts were shattered by sobbing people and brilliantly colored flowers. My face burned, while my body shivered. As I returned to reality, I realized the pastor had asked for anyone who wanted to share memories of Derek to do so. Listening to the memories being shared, I shyly hopped to my feet. I quickly made my speech about what Derek meant to me and sank back into my seat. After the funeral service ended, I made my way to my car and drove home in complete silence. Even after everything that has happened, the kids' comments both good and bad, the funeral, and the loneliness, my admirable thoughts of Derek still remain. All I have left of him are all the cherished memories that remain in my heart. Even now, my tears still flow and I still remember. Â  

Essay --

Parole and probation programs have been designed as alternatives to the confinement of a prison cell. The programs have been created for the portion of offenders who do not pose a threat to public safety. In the year 2008, the average daily cost for supervision of a probationer or parolee was about $4. The average daily cost to house an inmate was about $80. Obviously, if the individual was not a risk to the community they should be placed in these programs rather than be put in prison and suck taxpayers dry. If an offender is placed on parole or probation there are two ways they can end up in prison; committing a new crime or breaching conditions of their probation. Facts prove that life in prison without parole is swift, strict, and specific punishment. Those condemned to life have been sentenced to expire in prison. Between three different states figures varied from $18,000 to $26,000. The death penalty and life in prison are way more expensive than placing offenders who are not h azards to society in programs like parole and probation. Parole and Probation vs. Incarceration Costs Programs such as parole and probation have been introduced as alternatives to incarceration. These programs are designed for offenders who are not considered a hazard to society. Parole is typically granted towards the end of a sentence and probation commonly in place of one, but because the organization is overloaded, financially unstable, and carelessly managed, it often operates as well as a feeder organization, guaranteeing prison cells will not be unoccupied for long. Actually, according to a report compiled by the Pew Center for the States parole violators accounted for over a third of all prison admissions in 2005 and "half the US jai... ..., California accumulated $2,636 per individual. The expense of probation and parole are significantly smaller than the expenses of incarceration (Carlie, 2002). The reality is that there are some offenders who are better off being placed back into the community on probation and parole and helps save taxpayers hard earned money. The death penalty is way more expensive, time consuming with little success, and puts innocent people at stake. Life without parole gives fast, harsh, and specific punishment. It supplies lawfulness to survivors of murder victims. Sentencing dangerous offenders to life without parole is the most reasonable alternative for general security and any victim’s families. For offenders who do not pose a threat to the general public should be placed on probation or parole to help save money that can be used for more useful things within the state. Essay -- Parole and probation programs have been designed as alternatives to the confinement of a prison cell. The programs have been created for the portion of offenders who do not pose a threat to public safety. In the year 2008, the average daily cost for supervision of a probationer or parolee was about $4. The average daily cost to house an inmate was about $80. Obviously, if the individual was not a risk to the community they should be placed in these programs rather than be put in prison and suck taxpayers dry. If an offender is placed on parole or probation there are two ways they can end up in prison; committing a new crime or breaching conditions of their probation. Facts prove that life in prison without parole is swift, strict, and specific punishment. Those condemned to life have been sentenced to expire in prison. Between three different states figures varied from $18,000 to $26,000. The death penalty and life in prison are way more expensive than placing offenders who are not h azards to society in programs like parole and probation. Parole and Probation vs. Incarceration Costs Programs such as parole and probation have been introduced as alternatives to incarceration. These programs are designed for offenders who are not considered a hazard to society. Parole is typically granted towards the end of a sentence and probation commonly in place of one, but because the organization is overloaded, financially unstable, and carelessly managed, it often operates as well as a feeder organization, guaranteeing prison cells will not be unoccupied for long. Actually, according to a report compiled by the Pew Center for the States parole violators accounted for over a third of all prison admissions in 2005 and "half the US jai... ..., California accumulated $2,636 per individual. The expense of probation and parole are significantly smaller than the expenses of incarceration (Carlie, 2002). The reality is that there are some offenders who are better off being placed back into the community on probation and parole and helps save taxpayers hard earned money. The death penalty is way more expensive, time consuming with little success, and puts innocent people at stake. Life without parole gives fast, harsh, and specific punishment. It supplies lawfulness to survivors of murder victims. Sentencing dangerous offenders to life without parole is the most reasonable alternative for general security and any victim’s families. For offenders who do not pose a threat to the general public should be placed on probation or parole to help save money that can be used for more useful things within the state.

A Rasin in the Sun :: essays research papers

A seed is planted to begin a new, yet sometimes on the way to becoming a bright, beautiful plant, the plant lacks minerals or sunlight or water and is misshapen, much like that of a family? the Younger family, to be exact. Few gardeners will spend their precious time to help a sickly plant, knowing it will never bloom, to grow into nothing more than it already is. Yet, there are those exceptional ones? ?Mama? is, indeed, the most tender of hearts to care for this sickly family that, I have no doubt, she knows will never fully blossom into a big, strong, and powerful family. The physical plant she cares for is a symbol for her family in every way. The mother waters the plant every chance she has, as illustrated on page 52. The ability for the mother to ignore all else and cater to this plant can be said, too, about her family. The money, which comes in from her dead husband?s insurance is to be put towards what her family needs, not what she would like to have, what she would wish to have, no, the money is put towards her family?s future. She even tries to protect their pure hearts when she mentions, ?Now don?t act silly? We ain?t never been no people to act silly ?bout no money (68).? Protecting the family from greed, the root of all evil, is the main focus for this gardener of life, just as she would protect the ravished plant from an overwhelming beam of sunlight. Placing a rod behind a plant is sometimes the best way to straighten a plant?s stem, yet the gnarled plant she cares for is still disfigured, as to is Walter. Mama tells Walter, ? [It?s dangerous] When a man goes outside his home to look for peace (73),? in order to straighten his mind out, even though it doesn?t work out all fine and dandy, the effort is made. Without this gardener?s protection, the plant would have been evaporated, long ago, by the insanity that comes with the struggles of everyday life. Checking to see that the soil still has water, Mama makes sure that the family is not in dange r of losing their love for each other, their power source for striving in the retched world, as if checking the soil on page 39 and then replenishing it by saying, ?

Microeconomic Tasks Essay

A) 1. When determining how much of a profit a company will make, one has to look at a few deciding factors. Two of those are total revenue and total cost. Total revenue is the sum of a company’s sales of a particular product. Total cost is how much a company pays for production which includes fixed and variable costs. After total cost is deducted from the total revenue, the money left over is a profit. The goal of most is to maximize profits the best way possible. Total revenue and cost are very important when it comes to profit maximization because they are the guidelines of production. Total revenue is found by multiplying the price of the unit by the quantity produced and when compared to the total cost of each unit produced, a company can find out how many units to produce that would better maximize profits. Profit maximization is found by looking at the difference between the total revenue and total cost and determining which has the greatest profit. 2. Profit maximization can also be determined by looking at the marginal revenue to marginal cost approach. Marginal revenue is the change in total revenue resulting from the sale of an additional unit of product. Marginal cost is the cost of producing that one extra unit. To find if profits are maximized, marginal cost is subtracted from marginal revenue. Profit maximization occurs when marginal revenue exceeds marginal cost. This approach is only used if deemed profitable, if not, it is best to not produce extra. B) Marginal revenue (MR) is determined by the change (∆) in total revenue (TR) from selling one more unit (Q) of output. So MR=∆TR/∆Q 1. When calculating marginal revenue from the given scenario, one can see that is has decreased. As production increases, total revenue does increase but marginal revenue slowly but consistently decreases by $10 a unit each time. Since this is based off of a monopolistically competitive market, fluctuation of market revenue is expected. C) Marginal cost (MC) is determined by the change (∆) in total cost (TC) resulting from producing one more unit (Q) of output. So MC=∆TC/∆Q 1. After calculating the marginal cost, the summary is that when the quantity of production increases, total cost increases as well resulting in an increase of marginal cost. D) Profit maximization occurs for Company A at seven units of production. This was found using the total revenue to total cost method and then further evaluated using the marginal revenue to marginal cost approach. Originally, quantities seven and eight were shown to have the same outcome for TR-TC but the MR-MC approach proved that only seven units would provide a profit. The chart below explains. E) If marginal revenue is shown to be greater than marginal cost, output should continue to increase. F) If marginal cost is shown to be greater than marginal revenue, production output should be lowered until MR=MC or profit maximization is at its greatest; in this case 7 units of production.

Alibaba Case Study Essay

1.Lock-in effect is the phenomenon whereby technologies remain dominant as a result of large sunk investment costs, complimentary technologies, and widespread usage. Since Alibaba.com is the first portal market mover in China, it will be difficult to create another portal market which is just as successful as Alibaba.com. The lock-in effect causes people to have preference for Alibaba.com than any other portal market because they have already established their brand. Some customers also develop loyalty while other prefer brands that are familiar to them. It was also mentioned that many of Alibaba.com’s registered members are happy with the results they obtain, as indicated by the annual membership renewal rate, which exceeds 70%. This just further proves that it will be very difficult for a second mover or a new portal market to compete with Alibaba.com since they provide excellent service to their customers. 2.Alibaba.com charges foreign sellers an annual fee of about $400 for a TrustPass membership because he sees that global companies focus in doing business with large companies. In order for global companies to do business with SMB’s in China and all over the world, Alibaba.com created an affordable deal which is the annual fee of $400 for a TrustPass membership. However, SMB’s in China pay $8000 as their annual membership fee because by being members of Alibaba.com, these SMB’ save a handful amount of money; by being registered to Alibaba.com, they no longer need spend extensive money to travel and meet with suppliers. This fee is also charged because Alibaba.com translates and lists their information. In summary, Jack Ma charges SMB’s a higher price because companies like these needs Alibaba.com. However, it is Alibaba.com that needs the foreign companies in order to work with SMB’s that are pursuing to do business internationally.

Chinese education: Then and Now Essay

Education in China began with the Chinese classic texts, rather than organized religion. The early Chinese state depended upon literate, educated officials for operation of the empire, and an imperial examination system was established in the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220) for evaluating and selecting officials. This merit-based system gave rise to schools that taught the classics and continued in use for 2,000 years, until the end the Qing Dynasty, and was abolished in 1911 in favour of Western education methods (Global Oneness Commitment). New approaches to education were encouraged after 1977, after a long period of nothing being done with the growth of education and science. It was in 1985, that school reform was implemented. Schooling was for nine years, with academic achievement having priority over political consciousness. Education comes in two categories – general and specific. The former includes the regular college, junior college, vocations secondary school and middle school levels, and the latter includes elimination of illiteracy rural practical technology training, on-the-job training, education for single-discipline qualification certificates, education for vocational certificates and postgraduate continued education (Asian Info).

Abortion – “the Wrong of Abortion”

Abortion is one of the most controversial topics of all times. The definition most people associate with abortion is the termination of unwanted pregnancy. In their essay, â€Å"The Wrong of Abortion†, Patrick Lee and Robert P. George argue that intentional abortion is unjust and therefore objectively immoral no matter the circumstances. Also, they argue that â€Å"the burden of carrying the baby is significantly less than the harm the baby would suffer by being killed; the mother and father have a special responsibility to the child; it follows that intentional abortion (even in few cases where the baby’s death is an unintended but foreseen side effect) is unjust † (24). I am personally in between pro-life and pro-choice. On the one hand, I agree with their argument in that the mother and the father are responsible for their baby and that abortion should not be a choice. However, I disagree with the part where they say that abortion is unjust even if the baby (fetus) may have a defect. Yet, I believe that the choice of abortion is immoral if women use it as their last resort- contraceptive purposes, but I think that abortion should be allowed if the baby (fetus), which is still in the womb, is predicted to have a side effect such as deformation or diseases like Down’s syndrome. For example, if I were to bear a child and I find out later on that my baby has Down’s syndrome; then, in this case, I will choose to get aborted, not for selfish reasons, but because this defect may hurt my baby in the long run. Besides, my baby is the one that has to live with it for the rest of his/her life and it will definitely have a big effect on them in the future. In short, I am pro-life in most cases, especially if women do not take responsibility for their actions, but I am pro-choice if and only if there are side effects with the baby or the mother that might endanger their lives and of course, abortion is permissible in case of incest and rape. Lee and George claim that human embryos (fetuses) are complete human beings that have not fully developed to its mature stage; therefore, a human being is what is killed in abortion. I agree completely that the fetus, or the human embryo, is in fact a living being. Moreover, human embryo is the â€Å"same† as human beings except, the difference between these two is that the embryo is not a full human person because the fetus is not fully developed yet. Every new life, whether it be animal or human, begins at conception. With this being said, no matter what the circumstances of conception, no matter how far along in the pregnancy, abortion, in my opinion, always ends the life of an individual human being. Abortion destroys the lives of helpless and innocent babies that have not done anything wrong. Everyone is raised knowing the difference between right and wrong. Murder is wrong, so why is not abortion? Defenders of abortion argue that it is not murder if the child is unborn. So, why is it that if an infant is destroyed a month before the birth, there is no problem, but if killed a month after birth, it is considered as inhumane murder? Lee and George support their argument by providing three important facts that differentiate a human embryo is, in fact, a human being. First, they say that sex cells and somatic cells are part of a larger organism while the human embryo is a complete or whole organism, though immature (14). Secondly, they say that the embryo is human and has all the characteristics of a human being but the sex and somatic cells are genetically and functionally different because they cannot develop separately while the embryo can. Last but not least, they claim that embryo develops all of the organs and organ systems that are necessary to turn themselves into a mature human being. Above all, the human embryo, from conception onward, is fully programmed actively to develop himself or herself to the mature stage of a human being, unless prevented by disease or violence (14). With these reasons, it can be said that abortion results in the death of a human being. As a result, abortion is murder since the fetus being destroyed is breathing, has a human form, and has feelings. Carol Everett, who is a former abortionist, once said at the conference Meet the Abortion Providers, â€Å"the product abortion, is skillfully marketed and sold to the women at a crisis time in her life. She buys the product, finds it defective and wants to return it for a refund, but it is too late. † In most cases, abortion is intentional killing. Most women use aborting as an easy â€Å"way out† because they want to avoid in becoming a parent. Parents do have a responsibility to make sacrifices for their children, even if they have not voluntary assumed such responsibilities, or given their consent to the personal relationship with the child- this is the authors’ claim (22). I completely agree with their claim because a person should accept the consequences of risks that one knowingly and willingly takes. I believe that it is common sense that both women and men should know that contraceptives are not 100 percent effective; for this reason, if they are willingly having sexual intercourse, then they should know that they are taking the risk in possibly becoming pregnant. Therefore, a woman who becomes pregnant should accept her pregnancy as the consequence of taking the risk involved in sexual intercourse. This means that the woman has a duty or a responsibility of taking care for her child regardless if she wanted the baby or not. Since we have special responsibilities to those with whom we are closely untied, it follows that we in fact do have a special responsibility to our children anterior to our having voluntarily assumed such responsibility or consented to the relationship† (23). Abortion is clearly used to avoid responsibility and the authors call this unjust or intentional killing. Nevertheless, while the authors argue that abortion is intentional killing most of the tim e, they also claim that causing death as a side effect is morally permissible. For example, if the pregnant woman has cancer in her uterus that will surely endanger the woman’s life, then Lee and George claim that, in this case, it can be morally right to remove the cancer with the baby still in her womb, even if the baby (fetus) dies as a result. They consider the baby’s death as a side effect as well as the ending of the pregnancy itself but they claim that the mother’s life is more important. This type of abortion is known as indirect or non-intentional killing (21). However, they also assert that not every death that is caused because of side effects is right. For instance, if the mother or the father have a bad habit of smoking when they know for a fact that this will endanger the baby’s (fetus) development, and for this reason, the woman wants to get an abortion because they find out that their baby has a defect- this choice she is making is an unjust act since she could have avoided it but instead, did not do anything to change; therefore, this is the consequence they have to face. It was immoral for them to continue with their actions when they know this will or might cause harm to their child. The act that would cause the child’s death would avoid harm to the parent but cause a significantly worse harm to his child (21). All in all, the parents have a special responsibility to the child even if they did not want or were not expecting a baby in the first place, they should act responsibly in virtue of being their biological parents. I, however, only partially agree with their argument mentioned above. I agree completely in that abortion should be performed if the woman has a disease that will endanger her life as well as the baby’s. Nonetheless, in the second example, although it was their fault for causing their child to not develop properly, I think that the parents should be given the choice to perform abortion or to keep their child. Like I mentioned in the beginning, if I were to have a child that is deformed or is mentally unstable, then I would get an abortion even if it is 100 percent my fault. I want my baby to be happy, and I know for a fact that my baby might not be happy in the future because of their defect and I will never forgive myself because my child does not deserve to go through hardship because of the actions that I’ve done. For this reason, I would not call it unjust killing in this case. After critically analyzing Lee and George’s argument, I come to a conclusion that it is very difficult to draw a line between keeping one’s life or being responsible for one’s actions. On the one hand, if the woman voluntarily put herself into a situation where it might bring her the existence of a person, then in this case no matter what, she is held responsible and accountable for her actions since to make that ‘choice' after a pregnancy is underway, merely as a matter of birth control, is an immoral act. So, abortion is morally wrong since the mother had sexual intercourse of her own free will. On the other hand, the situation becomes complicated when one has to choose whether it is better to get an abortion if there is something wrong with the baby due to the parent’s actions. Would one save the life or choose to abort although this was also their responsibility? With all my aforementioned reasons, I am still in between pro-life and pro-choice because I believe that abortion can be permissible depending on the situation.

Health Information Management (HIM) Departmental Layout Project Assignment

Health Information Management (HIM) Departmental Layout Project - Assignment Example ient’s records department so the records and the offices will have to be adequately accommodated in a design that will not be cramped or that would render some areas hard to access. The main considerations are not just aesthetics but rather functionality and ease of access. The design guidelines for the project are to ensure a well developed space with the required offices and other partition areas in the most aesthetically pleasing way possible in consideration of the whole hospital unit’s visual unity. The spaces have to consider lighting and ventilation as much as possible especially for the office areas and other partitioned spaces that will be occupied by people. The design must ensure that the work flow moves smoothly with no interruptions and in the most efficient manner to ensure speed and quality of work (Alexi et al 2005). The design guideline should ensure at all times that the work travels in a straight line and the locations are properly founded. It should also ensure that the isles carry the load to their best advantage, and eliminate any waiting by the workers which should all have adequate working space and not be cramped. The tools must be at their proper places, and each individual should also be at their best

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty - Research Paper Example From 1819, Panama was some piece of the league or a federation and nation of Colombia however when Colombia rejected United States arrangements to assemble a channel over the Isthmus of Panama, the U.S. upheld a transformation that prompted the autonomy of Panama in 1903. The new Panamanian government sanctioned French specialist Philippe Bunau-Varilla, to arrange a bargain with the United States. The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty permitted the U.S. to assemble the Panama Canal and accommodate interminable control of zone five-miles wide on either side of the trench. Despite the fact that the French had endeavored development of a trench in the 1880s, the Panama Canal was effectively manufactured from 1904 to 1914. When the channel was finished the U.S. held a swath of area running the roughly 50 miles over the Isthmus of Panama. The division of the nation of Panama into two parts by the U.S. domain of the Canal Zone brought about strain all around the twentieth century. Also, the independent Canal Zone (the authority name for the U.S. region in Panama) helped little to the Panamanian economy. The occupants of the Canal Zone were essential U.S. natives and West Indians who worked in the Zone and on the channel3. Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty was marked or signed on 18 November 1903 by Secretary of State John M. Feed and Philippe Bunau-Varilla, a French waterway guru who had helped arrange the Panamanian rebel against Colombia and went about as the new managing juntas emissary to Washington. The bargain gave that the United States ensure the autonomy of Panama, while getting in interminability a ten-all inclusive portion of domain for the development of a trench. The United States was made completely sovereign over this zone and held the right to mediate somewhere else in Panama as important to keep request. In exchange,

Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been Yellow Wall-Paper short Essay

Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been Yellow Wall-Paper short stories - Essay Example Connie tries to appear worldly wise, but in reality at the bottom of heart she is a simple girl, unaccustomed to the harsh realities of life. She has created her own world of fantasy outside the house but in the house she is an entirely different personality facing all the controls exercised by the members of the joint family, especially her mother. Connie is the narrator of the story and in reality without Connie, there is no story; all issues arise out her and surround around her. In â€Å"Not for Sale,† exploitation of the famine gender is depicted and hence the genre of the story is different. Connie is a multi-dimensional character. She hates to be labeled as sister, daughter and the adjectives like nice girl. She has strong sexual urges and she likes freedom in those carefree surroundings where her sexual persona truly flourishes. She is conscious about the sexual prowess of the feminine gender. Connie emulates with deliberate efforts and she likes to flirt with boys and enjoys the carefree association with them. She has two types of dispositions, one at home and the other when she is outside and deals with people. On this issue Joyce Carol Oates writes, â€Å"Everything about her had two sides to it, one for home and one for anywhere that was not home,†(27) Sexuality beats the retreat at home. Sexuality is like a toy until Arnold appears in to the scene and Connie begins to take life seriously and responsibly. She tries to be mature but finds it tough to adapt. True romantic ideas engulf her and she finds it difficult to control herself and breaks down and she i s overpowered by the charming Arnold. At that stage she needs the parental help and she calls out her mother. My assessment of the marriage dynamics in the story is—a girl can get true happiness through marriage to an affectionate and understanding boy, and the girl should make sincere efforts towards that

IT Outsourcing Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

IT Outsourcing Paper - Essay Example â€Å"IT outsourcing has become a common means of corporate management in the financial as well as other sectors† (Suzuki, 2005, p. 23). Currently, IT is a lifeline for each company and determinedly united with each part of all company’s business, so it does not astonish that service like outsourcing has been extended to IT associated functions, such as development of software and preservation, function of information systems, and organization of networks and servers. The Project Drives or Creates More Revenue for the Corporation: Initially, organizations can anticipate higher-quality services by using skilled and experienced external specialists. It helps to increase more revenue by the way of reducing wages. As the technology development and diversification are incorporated with businesses, more superior abilities are demanded to obtain more sophisticated IT service needs. The primary cause for IT off shoring is reduction of cost. Organizations can discover opportunit y for radical reduction of cost by taking benefit of the wage differences among countries. The Project Cuts the Cost of Doing Business: Secondly, IT service suppliers have benefits in cost effectiveness based on their scalability. Large suppliers can recommend the same kind of services to numerous client organizations in the course of their pool of work and infrastructure. This type of resource sharing creates a considerable donation to the reduction of cost in comparison to circumstances whereby every organization carries out the services by itself. IT outsourcing can cut the cost of operation by way of cutting the cost of premises and other expenses. The Project is Mandated by Laws (Federal, State, County, or Local) or Executive Orders: Like any other project IT outsourcing project also mandated by federal, state, county, or local laws and executive orders. Subsequent to setting the scope of outsourcing, the organization desires to select the vendor with a deliberate assessment an d a comparative assessment of consistency, degree, technology, abilities and potential effects. Lastly, the organization should finish the agreement with the vendor; it is at this time when the task of explicit positions in addition to duties and concrete actions to be taken in opposition to the various types of contractual risks, which is the key to justifying the risks of outsourcing. The Competitor has undertaken a Similar Project: The present quick increase in offshore IT outsourcing has sparked a contest on the costs and advantages of this tendency to the U.S. financial system. If the competitor is using the same project, it will not be much effective for the organizations to perform extremely well. Outsourcing must not be viewed as an explanation in resolving dilemma service areas in the companies. If an inner service part is not performing successfully, by transferring it to an exterior contractor could only increase the problem. So, it is significant that companies that carr ying out outsourcing must be capable to clearly recognize its long term IT strategic guidelines and long term information requirements.   The course of recognizing solutions for a company can be complicated; mainly if the company is not certain about the steps to obtain to create success. To facilitate help in figuring out numerous problems in Global Communications at

Trust Property Law Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Trust Property Law - Term Paper Example Law of equity and trust confers the provision regarding the trust. It laid down several duties and responsibilities for the trustees. Moreover, there are provisions like co-ownership, proprietary estoppels, fiduciary relationship etc. Apart from this, one of the prominent features of trust is, it can be raised from either trust deed/covenant as said before or by the Will, i.e. a testamentary trust is a trust created by a Will or a codicil to a Will. A testament is a Will. of or includes land and the trustees of such a trust are trustees of land. Any description of trust includes an implied resulting or constructive trust and a bare trust. (1) An implied trust is based on the presumed intention of the parties at the time the property is acquired by the resulting trustee. That is the point at which the contributors' beneficial interests crystallize. The beneficial shares are unaffected by subsequent conduct. This scope of implied trust has been rightly explained in Cowcher v Cowcher (2). Moreover, a trust can be defined as a "land" which includes land of any tenure and property divided either vertically or horizontal (as in the case of a block of flats) and easements but does not include an undivided share in the land. (3)Now we shall scrutinize how far the scope of trust of land and its various ingredients will help to analyze the issues brought up in the given problem.Before deciding the rights of Ayesha and Ben in the property, the meaning and significance of the concept co-ownership and beneficial joint tenants are to be explained. Beneficial joint tenantsCo-ownership (4) is where a person is entitled to hold the land together with others who have simultaneous interests at the same time they are said to hold concurrently. Where ever there is co-ownership there will be a trust of land. There are 2 types of co-ownership 1. Trust of land and Appointment of trustees Act 1996, sub-section (1) (a) 2. Cowcher v Cowcher [1972] 1 WLR 425 (CA) 3. Law of property 1925 Act, Section 205(1) (ix)4. Law of Property Act 1925, Sec 1Â  

Ethics Development, Understanding & Application Essay

Ethics Development, Understanding & Application - Essay Example Ethics too considers the psychophysical behavior of human beings, but always with reference to some standard of what behavior ought to be. Behavior considered in terms of a moral situation is called conduct. A psychologist who tried to use the technique of the mathematician or physicist would find that his results bore little relation to the qualitative variety of people's minds. Similarly, the methods appropriate to ethics are not identical with the methods that have given effective results in biology, psychology, economics, or law. Ethics stands in important relations to each of these disciplines, but whatever materials the ethical philosopher may draw from related fields he draws simply as material to which his own distinctive method is to be applied. The ethics have great concerns with the societal trends, a person cannot be known as ethical who doing something that is actually considered good in his own view but the society condemns it. It is also dealing with the personal sense of choosing between right and wrong, if a person is acting in a way that is making himself feel wrong, then it is unethical. The Morals have although got direct concern with the ethics, the values are the trends that are set by the society no matter they are right or wrong for anyone but they are being followed by most of the individuals in the society and are considered to be right by the majority. Values again have direct concerns with the ethics as they define what actually is right and wrong, what is good and what is evil. Values are just our beliefs, or standards that we take into account on daily basis. My ethics have just been very much similar to what every one is following here, I consider the prohibited wrong and the usual practices right. I have been ethically sound as I know many of the things wrong, I consider breaking a traffic rule to be unethical, I consider hitting or fighting with someone to be unethical, I consider going for prayers to be very ethical, and also I consider to have illicit relation to be extremely unethical. I consider respecting elders to be ethical and cheating to be very unethical. Also religion have some influence in making me ethically more superior, the parents and the family have played even a bigger role in providing me with knowledge of what is socially acceptable. Friends and teachers also have got a lot to do with what I consider right and wrong. In my view, there are many forces that are making me understand the ethics, the rights and wrongs. Overall, the society, the parents, the religion, the friends and teachers have made me understood the ethical practices. My religion influenced my ethical behavior by emphasizing on many things considered to be wrong for instance by prohibiting the illicit relations. The society influenced my ethical behavior by giving me the concept of what could lead to punishment and what could lead to reward. My parents influenced my ethical behavior by perhaps not fighting with each other and living together after marriage with a proper sharing of everything with each other. My friends influenced my ethical behavior by ensuring that they are not really involved in any such criminal acts like drugs and other crimes. My teachers influenced my eth